Livermorium (Lv)
Unknown properties · Radioactive · Synthetic
Livermorium honours the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, the American partner in the Dubna collaborations that produced several superheavy elements. Only dozens of atoms have ever existed.
Position on the periodic table
Atomic properties
| Atomic number | 116 |
|---|---|
| Atomic mass | 293 amu |
| Electron configuration | 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p6 7s2 5f14 6d10 7p4 |
| Noble gas shorthand | *[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p4 |
| Electrons per shell | 2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 18, 6 |
| Valence electrons (outer shell) | 6 |
| Common oxidation states | None common |
| Electronegativity (Pauling) | Not available |
| Covalent radius (approx.) | Not available |
| First ionization energy | Not available |
| Electron affinity | 74.9 kJ/mol |
Physical properties
| State at 25 °C | Solid |
|---|---|
| Density | 12.9 g/cm³ |
| Melting point | 435.85 °C (709 K) |
| Boiling point | 811.85 °C (1085 K) |
| Appearance | Not available |
| Radioactive | Yes |
| Origin | Synthetic (lab-made) |
Electron configuration of livermorium
Livermorium's ground-state electron configuration is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p6 7s2 5f14 6d10 7p4, usually shortened to *[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p4. Its electrons occupy 7 shells (2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 18, 6), placing it in period 7 of the p-block. The 6 outer-shell electrons drive its bonding behaviour. Explore it interactively in the electron configuration calculator.
Uses of livermorium
- Fundamental research only
Biological role: None.
Occurrence: Entirely synthetic.
History and discovery
Discovered: 2000 — Joint Institute for Nuclear Research. Name origin: Named after Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California.
First synthesised at Dubna in 2000 using calcium-48 beams on curium targets.
Safety notes
Radioactive; research only.
Educational context only — always follow your school's laboratory rules and never handle chemicals without proper supervision. See our disclaimer.
Practice questions
Quick practice: Livermorium
1. What is the chemical symbol of Livermorium?
2. What is the atomic number of Livermorium?
3. Which category does Livermorium belong to?
4. What is the state of Livermorium at room temperature?
5. Which period of the periodic table is Livermorium in?
Livermorium FAQs
What is the atomic number of livermorium?
Livermorium's atomic number is 116 — every livermorium atom has 116 protons in its nucleus.
What is the symbol for livermorium?
Lv. Named after Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California.
Is livermorium a metal, nonmetal, or metalloid?
Livermorium is classified as a unknown properties.
What state is livermorium at room temperature?
At about 25 °C, livermorium is a solid. It melts at 435.85 °C.
How many valence electrons does livermorium have?
Livermorium has 6 electrons in its outer shell (shell pattern: 2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 18, 6).
What is livermorium used for?
Key uses include: fundamental research only.
Related elements
Keep working with this element
Spotted an error? Report a correction · Data sources